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95,000+

Unique users per month

226

Countries and territories

33

Specialties

400+

Medical conditions covered

600+

Learning modules released

160

International specialist reviewers

Team

Sandaruwan Gunathilake BSc

Co-Founder

Nayana Somaratna MBBS LLB BIT

Co-Founder

Stanley Sack MD FAAP

Senior Editor

Poornima Perera DPM ESBM EDBA

Project Manager

Dilum Toussaint BA (Hons) ACMA CGMA

Operations Manager

Ana Pessoa MD MSc

Medical Products Associate

International Medical Board

Every publication we release is carefully reviewed by an independent International Medical Board.

Dr. Abdulmajid Mohamad MS, ARAB BOARD GS, MRCS Eng, FRCS Ed

Senior Clinical Fellow in General Surgery

Rotherham General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Abhilash Perisetti MBBS

Gastroenterology/Hepatology Fellow

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, United States

Dr. Adel Alsaied MD (Medicine) MBBCh

Intensive Registrar

OHUD Hospital (MOH), Madina, Saudia Arabia

Dr. Aditya Ganguly MBBS MD

Physician

Medical College Kolkata, Kolkata, India

Dr. Ahmad Abu Srour MD MSc

Surgeon

Al-Assad University Hospital, Damascus, Syria

Dr. Ahmad Zargari MBBS

Hematology Registrar

Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia

Dr. Ahmedou Neda MD

Attending Physician

Hamad Ben Khalifa Hospital, Aleg, Mauritania

Dr. Alejandro Martinez MD

Consultant Rheumatologist

Clinics Dr. CARAM and OSECAC, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Dr. Alejandro Rafael Cárdenas del Olmo MD

Consultant Surgeon

Juan Graham Casasus General Hospital, Villahermosa, México

Dr. Alex Chen MBBS

Neurology Fellow

University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Ali Al-Bayaty MB, ChB, FIBMS GS, FIBMS GI Surgery subspeciality

Consultant Surgeon

Al Kindy Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq

Dr. Aliou Diouf MD

Physician/Director of Internships

St Louis Hospital, Dakar, Senegal

Dr. Aly Aziz MD FRCPC

Community Pediatric Neurologist

Pediatric Neurology Clinic, Oakville, Canada

Dr. Amanda Wee MBBS, MRMed, DRANZCOG

O&G Registrar

Redcliffe Hospital, Brisbane, Australia

Prof. Amany Sholkamy MD MSc (Internal Medicine), MSc (Organ Donation & Transplantation)

Professor

Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt

Dr. Amer Ali Bilal Hamed MBChB, MSc

Cardiology Consultant with special interest in Cardiac Imaging

Singleton Hospital, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Swansea, United Kingdom

Dr. Amin Obadi Ali MD

Consultant Physician

Aden University, Aljomhoryea Universal Hospital, Aden, Yemen

Dr. Amoun Boutros FCCS, FEBS, ATLS

Consultant Surgeon

El-Hayat Hospital, Cairo, Egypt

Dr. Ana Sofia Pessoa MD MSc

Attending Physician

Centro Hospitalar do Médio Ave, Vila Nova de Famalicão, Portugal

Dr. Andrea Almeida Reis MBBS, MBA, MSc

Senior Medical Consultant

Cigna, Madrid, Spain

Dr. Andres Rincón MD

Ophthalmologist

Clínica Sigma, Cali, Colombia

Dr. Andrew Jensen MBBS

Medical Registrar

University hospital Geelong, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Andrew Ma MBBS

Neurology Advanced Trainee

Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia

Dr. Anita Charochak DO

Specialist in Critical Care

Metro Health-University of Michigan, Wyoming, MI, United States

Dr. Anna He MBBS

Neurology Fellow

National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK

Dr. Annarita Botta MD

Resident/ Specialist Trainee

University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy

Dr. Antônio Catharino MD

Professor of Neurology

Iguaçu University, Niterói, Brazil

Dr. Arens Jean Ricardo Medeus MD

Resident in Surgery

State University of Haiti Hospital, Port-au-Prince, Haiti

Dr. Avijit Basak MBBS(Cal), MS(G&O), DMAS, F.MAS(WALS), FWAMS, FIAOG

Consultant, Obstetrician, Gynecologist and Laparoscopic Surgeon

Private Practitioner, Kolkata, India

Dr. Awais Naeem MBBS , FCPS Medicine, MRCP UK, MRCPI Ire, SCE Acute Medicine, SCE Rheumatology, SCE Endocrinology & Diabetes, Eular Certification in Rheumatic Diseases

Assistant Professor Medicine & Consultant Physician and Rheumatologist

Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan

Dr. Ayman Tarabishy MD

Medical Director

Beaumont Taylor Physical Medicine and Rehabiliation Department, Bloomfield Hills, United States

Dr. Barbara Scola MD MBBS

Medical Assistant

GB Mangioni Hospital, Lecco, Italy

Dr. Basant El Nady MD PhD

Consultant Rheumatologist

Benha University, Taif, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Bence Marosi MD

Resident

South-Pest Hospital Centre – National Institute for Infectology and Haematology, Budapest, Hungary

Dr. Benjamin Reyes Matos Specialist

General Surgeon

Instituto de Especialidades Medicas, Moca, Dominican Republic

Dr. Beth Studley MBBS

Pediatric surgical registrar

Royal Adelaide hospital, Canberra, Australia

Dr. Bijjo Raju MBBS, DDVL, FHM

Consultant Dermatologist

Shanthi Social Services Medical Centre, Coimbatore, India

Dr. Carlos Aldana MD

Medical Coordinator

Colsanitas, Bogotá D.C, Colombia

Dr. Dang Tuan Pham MD, FACS, FASMBS

Chairman, Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program

Sisters of Charity Hospitals of Buffalo, Catholic Health System, Buffalo, NY, United States

Dr. Devpriyo Pal MBBS

Resident

North Bengal Medical College, Kolkata, India

Dr. Diana van Stijn MD

PhD Candidate

Academic Medical Center, Almere, Netherlands

Dr. Dinuka Ariyaratne MBBS MS

PhD Candidate

University of Sri Jayawardenapura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka

Dr. Doaa Ashraf MSc

Assistant Lecturer in Pediatrics

Beni Suef University, Bani Seuf, Egypt

Dr. Edgar Franchi Medical Sciences Doctor. FACP

Chief of Internal Medicine Department

Hospital General del Sur, Maracaibo, Venezuela

Dr. Eduardo Ventura MD, DDS

Resident in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal

Dr. Eduardo Tomas Alvarado MD

Pediatrician

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Zacapu, México

Dr. Emanuele Vivarelli MD Allergy and Clinical Immunology Fellow

Consultant Physician

Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy

Dr. Emmanuel Mucheni MBChB(UZ), MCS (ECSEA)

Senior Registrar

8th Avenue Emergency Clinic/ Mpilo Hospital, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

Dr. Eric Ouambo Toumping MD

Physician

Groupe Hospitalier Public Sud de l’Oise, Muizon, France

Prof. Erni Nelwan MD, PhD

Associate Professor

Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

Dr. Etienne Lengline MD

Attending Physician

Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris, France

Dr. Fabiano de Melo Peixoto MD

Neurologist

University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Dr. Fabiano Kissner MD

MD, Specialist in Intensive Care Medicine and Cardiology

Hospital das Forças Armadas, Brasília, Brazil

Dr. Farid Girgis Ghalli MBBCh, MSc, MD, MRCP(UK), MRCP(Neph), MAcadMEd

Consultant Nephrologist

Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals, Brighton, United Kingdom

Dr. Fariha Islam MBBS

Neurologist

Eastern health, Melbourne, Australia

Dr. Ferial Ismail MBBS

General Medicine/Dermatology registrar

University Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Frank Luo MBBS

General surgical Registrar

University Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Gbassara Koulagna Boris MD

Resident in Neurosurgery

General Hospital of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon

Prof. Geethanjali Bhas MBBS, MD, Associate RCPath(UK), MBA (Healthcare Management)

Professor of Pathology, Director

Tagore Medical College and Research Center, Bangalore, India

Dr. George Bazoukis MD, MSc

Resident in Cardiology

Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece

Dr. Gerardo Gerundo MD

Attending Physician

Department of Geriatrics / Intermediate Care Unit, A.O.U. Federico II - Naples, Naples, Italy

Prof Giacomo Tenze MD

Resident Anaesthesiologist

Policlinico Universitario di Tor Vergata, Trieste, Italy

Dr. Gilbert Ng MBBS

General Medicine Registrar

University Geelong Hospital, Latrobe, Australia

Dr. Gilberto Moschetta none

Attending Physician

Sociedade Médica São Marcos, São Marcos, Brazil

Dr. Gonçalo Melo MD

Coordinator

USF Tílias, Lisboa, Portugal

Dr. Guido Consolmagno Resident

Resident

Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy

Dr. Gurgen Bakhtamyan MD

Orthopedic Surgeon

Izmirlian Medical Center, Yerevan, Armenia

Prof. Habib Shams MD (Internal Medicine)

Associate Clinical Professor, Consultant Internist, Head of Special Diseases Department

Madani Hospital, University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran

Dr. Hafsa Majid MBBS, FCPS (Chemical Pathology)

Consultant Chemical Pathologist and Senior Instructor

Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan

Dr. Hans-Joachim Pöessel MD, MBA, PhD

Consultant Orthopedic Surgeon

MediClinic Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Dr. Hardesh Singh MBBS

Medical registrar

University Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Harnish Vohra MBBS, DNB, DTCD

Consultant

Batra Hospital and Medical Research Hospital, Uttar Pradesh, India

Dr. Harshil Kirankumar Mehta MBBS, MD, MRCEM, FACEE

Consultant

Shalby Hospitals, Ahmedabad, India

Dr. Hassan Aghajani MD, FSCAI

Assistant Professor

Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Dr. Hattan Momin MD

Senior Registrar in Family Medicine

New Jeddah Clinic Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Hazem Hussien Doctorate of Geriatric medicine

Geriatric Specialist

Obaidallah Geriatric Hospital, Ras Alkhaima, United Arab Emirates

Dr. Hosein Ghasemi Moghaddam MD

Consultant Physician

Tabriz International Hospital and Tabriz Sina (University) Hospital, Tabriz, Iran

Dr. Ian Goh MBBS

Cardiology Research Fellow

Univeristy Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Imal Hemachandra MBBS, DTMH

General Medicine Advanced Trainee

Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Australia

Dr Isha Dhingra MD

Consultant Research Scientist

Private Practice, Mumbai, India

Dr. Ivette Soto M.D

Resident of Dermatology

Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Hospital, Lima, Perú

Dr. James Coyle DO

Hospitalist

US Government, Colorado Springs, United States

Dr. James Eubanks MD, DC, MS

Resident Physician

University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, United States

Dr. Jhonatan Bringas MD

Chief Medical Officer

Corsano Health BV, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Dr. Jitendra Sisodia MD

Associate Professor

Medical College Baroda & M.S University, Vadodara, India

Dr. Joel Charles Pelissier MD

Hospitalist

Lee Memorial Hospital, Fort Myers, United States

Dr. John May MBBS

Medical Registrar

University Hospital Geelong, Geelong, Australia

Dr. John Ang MBBS

Emergency Registrar

Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia

Dr. Johnny Tiong MBBS

Pathology registrar

Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia

Dr. Johnson Kehinde MBChB, FMCP

Consultant Neurologist

Federal Medical Centre, Abuja, Nigeria

Dr. José Antonio de la Parra Calderón MD

Resident in Internal Medicine

Instituto de Corazón de Querétaro, Querétaro, México

Dr. Juan Carlos Pinto Conde MD

Attending Physician

Hospital Angeles Clinica Londres, Ciudad de México, México

Dr. Juan S. Peinado Acevedo MD

Medical Doctor

Hospital San Vicente Fundación, Medellin, Colombia

Dr. Julia Lim MBBS

General Medicine registrar

University Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Karthikeyan Gungaimuthu MBBD, MD, FRCPCH

Neonatologist/Pediatrician

Medeor Hospital, Dubai, UAE

Dr. Khalid Hussain Mazari MBBS, DIP-DIAB

Consultant Diabetologist

Al Hayat Hospital, Rahim yar khan, Pakistan

Dr. Kirti Gaurav Raizada MBBS, DNB

Senior Resident

Northern Railway Central Hospital, New Delhi, India

Dr. Konstantin Bräutigam MD

Resident

Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Dr. Kumkum Mishra MBBS, MSc, MRCGP, LRCP, LRCS

General Practitioner

Edgwick Medical Centre, Coventry, United Kingdom

Dr. Kurreeman Enayat Hussein MD

Emergency Physician

Service d`Aide Médicale Urgente, Mauritius, Mauritius

Dr. Lasanthi Perera MD

Senior Registrar

National Hospital - Kandy, Kandy, Sri Lanka

Dr. Libin Babu Cherian MD, DNB

Assistant Professor

PK Das Medical College, Ernakulam, India

Dr. Lorenzo Roberto Suardi Medicine and Surgery

Resident in Infectious Diseases

Careggi General Hospital, Bergamo, Italy

Dr. Ludovico Cobuccio MD

Chief Resident

Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland

Dr. Maab Ali Clinical MD

Registrar of Anaesthesia and ICU

Teaching Hospitals, Khartoum City, Sudan

Dr. Madoka Maemyoriki no postnominals

Physician

Kurashiki Kinen Hospital, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan

Dr. Mahmoud Ahmed Tantawy MD, FACC, FESC

Consultant Cardiologist

Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt

Dr Mansi Jain DNB, Fellowship in Child and Adolescent Mental Health

Consulting Psychiatrist

Manarogya Psychiatry Clinic, Mumbai, India

Dr. Manuela Rizzo MD

Nephrologist

University Federico II, Naples, Italy

Dr. Mario Daniel Echeverría Martínez MD, DIP-Neuroradiology

Neuroradiologist

Instituto de Neurocirugia, Santiago, Chile

Dr. Martha Rosana MD

Internal Medicine Resident

Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

Dr. Mehmet Gokbakan MD, Specialist of Psychiatry

Consultant Psychiatrist

Erenkoy Mental Health Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

Dr. Michael Forzano MD

Attending Physician

St. Anne's Hospital, Barrington, United States

Dr. Michael Fernando MBBS

Medical registrar

University hospital Geelong, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Michelle Tan MBBS

Hematology Registrar

Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia

Dr. Milap Thakrar MD (Internal Medicine)

Consulting Physician and Intensivist

Sadbhavna Hospital, Rajkot, India

Dr. Milton Valderrama MD

Attending Physician

Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Perú

Dr. Minoo Saeidi MD

Assistant Professor in Pediatrics

Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Imam Hussein Children Hospital, Isfahan, Iran

Dr. Mishal Hussein Mahgoub Hassan MBBS, MSc

Lecturer

Almadain College Of Medical Sciences and Technology/ Alshaab Teaching Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan

Dr. Mohamed Alhazaa Internal specialits

Internal Specialist

Edleb, Edleb, Syria

Dr. Mohammad Yousef Awan MBBS, FCPS, CESR, CCST, FACP, MAoMEd

Consultant Physician

Huddersfield Royal Infirmary, Rochdale, United Kingdom

Dr. Mohammed Imtiaz MBBS MSc (Endocrinology) MRCP(UK) Specialty Certificate in Endocrinology

Clinical Endocrinologist

Qurayyat General Hospital, Al Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia

Dr. Moji Ariyo MD, FACP

Assistant Professor of Medicine

Emory University, Atlanta GA, United States

Dr. Moriko Suharis MD, PMR Specialist

Physiatrist

Hadji Boejasin Pelaihari General Hospital, South Borneo, Tanah Laut, Indonesia

Dr. Muhammad Salman Faisal MBBS

Resident

Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, United States

Dr. Muhammad Sani Isa MBBS, FWACP

Consultant Cardiologist

Abuth Zaria University, Zaria, Nigeria

Dr. Mukesh Sharma Paudel MBBS

Gastroenterologist

Lumbini Medical College and teaching hospital, Palpa, Nepal

Dr. Munawar Shah MBBS

General Physician

Bacha Khan Medical Complex, Swabi, Pakistan

Dr. Naganathan Kathiresan Pillai MBBS, MRCP(Ire), FRCP(Ire), AM

Associate Professor

Monash University, Malaysian Campus, Segamat, Johor, Malaysia

Dr. Natasha Patel FRCP, EMBA

Consultant Diabetologist

Guys and St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom

Dr. Naveen Mayavel MBBS

Surgical resident

University Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Nishant Tripathi MBBS, MD

Consultant Hospitalist

Apogee Physicians, Iowa, United States

Dr. Nishant Rajadhyaksha MBBS

Resident Anaesthesiology

National Board Of Education, Pune, India

Prof. Nooruddin Ahmad MBBS, FCPS

Professor

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Dr. Oguz Kizilkaya MD

Research Assistant Dr. (Resident in Pediatric Surgery)

Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey

Dr. Osama Ali FEBU

Consultant

Teaching Hospitals Institutes, Zagazig, Egypt

Dr. Parantap Trivedi MD Anaesthesiology

Resident

Govt. Medical College and Sir T Hospital, Rajkot, India

Prof. Petros Sountoulides MD, PhD, FEBU

Consultant Urological Surgeon

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

Dr. Rabbinu Rangga Pribadi MD

Physician

Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia

Dr. Rahul Tripathi MBBS, DNB

Resident

GMERS Medical College and Civil Hospital, Gandhinagar, India

Dr. Ravena Massucatto MD

Endocrinology

Consultório Particular, São Paulo, Brazil

Dr. Regina Hammock BSc, DO, FAAEM, FACOEP

Attending Physician, Program Director - Emergency Medicine

Coney Island Hospital, New York, United States

Dr. Ricardo Jonathan Ayala Garcia MD

Emergency Medicine Physician

Sociedad de Medicina de Emergencias y Desastres del Perú. Clínica Internacional, Lima Perú. Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Perú

Dr. Rishikesan K.V. MBBS, MD, DNB, Diploma in Echocardiography

Specialist Physician

Venniyil Medical Centre, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Dr. Robert Inga MD

Medical Doctor in Emergency Medicine

International Clinic/ Hospital Dos de Mayo, Lima, Peru

Dr. Rosenee Briones MD

Medical Specialist

Metro San Jose Medical Center, Manila, Philippines

Dr. Roshana Mallawaarachchi MBBS, MD

Senior Registrar in Anesthesiology

Kandy Teaching Hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka

Dr. Rubina Inamdar MBBS, MRCP

Senior Specialist Registrar

Rashid Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

Dr. Ruggiero Paderni MD

Consultant Ophthalmalogist

Humanitas Mater Domini Hospital, Milan, Italy

Dr. Sagun Banjade MBBS

General Medicine advanced trainee

University Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia

Prof. Sajithkumar Radhakrishnan MBBS, MD, PhD

Professor of Infectious Diseases & Medical Education

Government Medical College, Kottayam Kerala, India

Dr. Salvador Lopez MD, FCCN, FISN

Attending Physician

Zacatecas General Hospital, Guadalupe, México

Dr. Sam Hunt MBBS

Haematology registrar

University Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Sarah El Nakeep MD

Lecturer

Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Dr. Sarah Allen MBBS

Paediatric Registrar

Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia

Dr. Sérgio Saraiva MD

Consultant Psychiatrist

Hospital Prisional de São João de Deus, Lisbon, Portugal

Dr. Shahid Pervaiz MBBS, DTCD

Consultant Pulmonologist

Sahiwal Medical College and Hospital, Sahiwal, Pakistan

Dr. Sharon Ward MD MS

Gynecologist

Private practice, Key West, United States

Dr. Sharvin Anandan MBBS

General Medicine Registrar

Mersey Community Hospital, Latrobe, Australia

Dr. Shashidhar Venkatesh Murthy BSc, MBBS, MD, MBA (Educational leadership)

A/Prof. & Head of Pathology

James Cook University, Townsville, Australia

Dr. Shih-Ying Lee MD LLM

Attending Physician

West Garden Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan

Dr. Silvan Frangaj MD

Consultant Dermatologist

Shkoder Regional Hospital, Shkoder, Albania

Dr. Silvia Guedes Bernardi Taddeo MD

Attending Physician

Universidade Extremo Sul Catarinense, Araranguá SC, Brazil

Dr. Simina Apostol MD

3rd year resident

Clinical Institute Fundeni, Bucharest, Romania

Dr. Sofia John MBBS MS

Consultant General & Laparoscopic Surgeon

Sheela Hospital-Multi Super Speciality & Trauma Centre, Narnaul, India

Dr. Soumen Karmaker MBBS

Senior Resident

Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, India

Dr. Stanley Sack M.D., P.A.

Member, Pediatrician

Community Health Initiative of South Florida, Key West, United States

Dr. Steven Zuckerman MD

Consultant Neurologist

Tulane University, Baton Rouge, United States

Dr. Stuart N. Damon DO

Assistant Clinical Professor

University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biddeford, United States

Dr. Tejas Patel MBBS, MD

Assistant Professor in Psychiatry

GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar, India

Dr. Terry Lu MBBS

General surgical Registrar

Launceston general Hospital, Launceston, Australia

Dr. Thacker Meet MBBS, MD

Senior Resident in Cardiology

Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research, Bangalore, India

Dr. Theodoro Kontogiannis Doctor of Medicine(MD), Fellow of the European Board in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (FEB-ORL-HNS)

Clinical fellow

Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK

Dr. Tiago Ribeiro da Costa Masters in Medicine

Neurosurgical trainee

Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal

Dr. Tim Studley MBBS

General Surgery Registrar

Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia

Dr. Tushar Vidhale MBBS

Medicine Trainee/ Resident

Command Hospital Air Force & Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Amravati, Maharashtra, India

Dr. Ulises Padilla MD

Pediatrician

Children's Hospital "Dr. J. M. de los Ríos", Caracas, Venezuela

Dr. Vadym Sribnyi MD

General Surgeon

Vyshgorod Central District Hospital, Vyshgorod, Ukraine

Dr. Valeria Starace Dott.

Anestesista-rianimatore

Aurelia Hospital, Rome, Italy

Dr. Vasco Gabriel Furtado Gonçalves MD

Attending Physician

Unidade Local de Saúde do Norte Alentejano, EPE, Elvas, Portugal

Dr. Veleka Willis MD, FACOG

Assistant Clinical Professor

New York Presbyterian and Columbia University/Allen Hospital, New York, United States

Dr Vidya Girishankar MD

Specialty Registrar

South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom

Dr. Vishal Parmar MBBS, DCH, MRCPCH

Clinical Associate

SRCC Children Hospital, Mumbai, India

Dr. Vishnu Vasudevan MD

Post doctoral fellow

Sher i Kashmir Institute Of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India

Dr. Vitrag Shah MBBS, MD, FNB

Consultant Intensivist

Kiran Multi Super Speciality Hospital and Research Center, Surat, India

Dr. Wassef Al-Kassam MD

Specialist in Neurology

Germany, Damascus, Syria

Dr. Weyinmi Erikowa MD, MSc, PhD

Paediatrician

Community Health, Leeds, United Kingdom

Dr. Will Beattie MBBS

Advanced Trainee

University Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Yaser Hussein Mohammed Alwali MD, Arab Board Certificate of Internal Medicine

Internal Medicine Physician

Algomhoriah Hospital, Aden, Yemen

Dr. Yi Chao Foong MBBS

Neurology Advanced Trainee

Barwon Health, Victoria, Australia

Dr. Ying Yang Ting MBBS

Service Surgical Registrar

Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia

Prof. Yonde Kafruni MD

Professor of Physiopathology

Experimental National University Romulo Gallegos Guarico, Valle de la Pascua City, Leonardo Infante County, Venezuela

Dr. Yue Wai Kit MBBS, FRACGP

General practitioner

General practitioner, Geelong, Australia

Dr. Zeeshan Ahmed MBBS, FCPS

Assistant Professor

The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

Clinical Writers

Hilal Abdessamad MD

Dr. Abdessamad is a senior resident in internal medicine at the Lebanese American University Medical Center, in Beirut. He has published several peer-reviewed research publications in the field of oncology; and serves as a freelance medical writer, focusing on professional audiences. Dr. Abdessamad holds a BS in Medical Laboratory Sciences and received his MD from the University of Balamand (all institutions from Lebanon).

Ahmad Abu Srour MD MSc

Dr. Abu Srour is a urologist at the Damascus University Hospital, in Syria. Previously, he was a general practitioner for over 6 years. Dr. Abu Srour has a strong interest in medical education and has written medical articles for professional audiences. Dr. Abu Srour received his MD from Damascus University.

Dinuka Ariyaratne MBBS MS

Dr. Ariyaratne is a PhD candidate in Immunology at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, in Sri Lanka. She also holds a MSc in Cellular and Molecular Immunology from the University of Colombo. Prior to her research career, she worked in the Hematology and Nephrology units of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Dr. Ariyaratne received her MBBS from the University of Sri Jayewardenepura, in Sri Lanka.

Afkar Aulia MD MS

Dr. Aulia is a senior resident in psychiatry at Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM), in Indonesia; and a lecturer in psychiatry at the Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, UGM. Dr Aulia’s areas of interest include community mental healthcare provision, telepsychiatry, and psychogeriatrics. He obtained his MD from UGM, and an MSc in Clinical Medical Science from UGM.

Andrea Boutros MD

Dr. Boutros is a resident in medical oncology at the Teaching Hospital of the University of Genoa, in Italy. He also conducts research on immunotherapy for skin cancer, at the Skin Cancer Unit of the Policlinico San Martino Hospital. Along with his clinical work, Dr. Boutros serves as a freelance medical writer targeting professional audiences. He received his M.D. with honors from Genoa University.

Neil Chavarría MD

Dr. Chavarría is an aspiring internal medicine physician, having worked part-time as a medical writer throughout his medical studies. Dr. Chavarría graduated from the Universidad de Iberoamérica in San José, Costa Rica. He has achieved certification from the American Education Commission of Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG), after completing the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE).

Obinna Chukwuka MBBS

Dr. Chukwuka is a resident in internal medicine at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, in Ituku-Ozalla, where he aims to subspecialize in either pulmonology or nephrology down the line. Previously, Dr. Chukwuka served as the acting medical director of a rural hospital. He received his MBBS from the College of Medicine, University of Nigeria.

Branka Donevska MD

Dr. Donevska is a resident at Echuca Regional Health in Victoria, Australia. Prior to her residency, she spent more than 2 years working for the professional development unit at Eastern Health, one of Melbourne’s largest health care services. Dr. Donevska was born and raised in North Macedonia, graduated from St. Petersburg Pavlov State Medical University, in Russia; and specialized in Obstetrics & Gynaecology in Moscow.

Yi Chao Foong MBBS

Dr. Foong is a neurology advanced trainee at Barwon Health in Victoria, Australia. He attended University of Tasmania graduating with first class honours; and has published several peer-reviewed publications and presented at numerous international and national scientific conferences. Dr. Foong was a clinical lecturer at the University of Tasmania. He is also on the editorial board for The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, and remains actively involved in medical education.

Ernesto Lopez MD

Dr. Lopez is a lecturer in basic sciences at the Metropolitan University of Antigua, with additional experience as a medical educator for universities and medical student organizations throughout the Caribbean. Dr. Lopez received his MD with honors from the Universidad Nacional Pedro Henríquez Ureña, in the Dominican Republic. He also achieved certification from the American Education Commission of Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG), and will be pursuing a residency in internal medicine in the United States.

Ciaran Mooney MS FRCPath

Mr. Mooney is a clinical scientist at the Rotunda Hospital, in Dublin, with 18 years of experience in haematology and transfusion medicine; and working in the private and public health sectors of Australia, Ireland, UK, and the United States. He has been a lecturer at the Dublin Institute of Technology and has also created medical educational apps for the iOS and Android platforms. In addition, he is an active member of the British Standards of Haematology (BSH) steering committee, involved in numerous guideline updates. Mr. Mooney holds a FRCPath in Clinical Science and Haematology, a MSc in Tropical Medicine from James Cook University, and a basic degree in medical sciences from the University of Tasmania.

Ana Sofia Pessoa MD MSc

Dr. Pessoa is an internist with an interest in geriatric medicine and clinical nutrition. She has done a rotation in geriatric medicine at Oxford University, and has participated as a lecturer on various subjects of clinical nutrition throughout multiple conferences. Dr. Pessoa holds a Bachelor and Master of Science in Medicine from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, in Portugal.

Jordan G Roberts PA-C

Mr. Roberts is a CME medical writer, a neuroscience clinician with experience in neurosurgery and psychiatry, and an entrepreneur. Mr. Roberts is the CEO of Modern MedEd, has published multiple papers exploring the long-term effects of traumatic brain injury, and has spoken at regional and national conferences on the topic. He holds a Master of Science from the New York Institute of Technology PA (physician assistant) program and is the chair of the CME committee for the Illinois Academy of PAs.

Stanley Sack M.D., P.A.

Dr. Sack has over 30 years of experience as a general pediatrician. While practicing medicine part-time, he also works as a freelance medical writer for professional and lay audiences, and is the Senior Editor of Medical Joyworks, LLC. Dr. Sack is a former community faculty member at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and completed his undergraduate education at Dartmouth College. In addition, he received his M.D. at Hahnemann University and completed his pediatric residency at Tulane University Affiliated Hospitals (all institutions in the United States of America).

Nayana Somaratna MBBS

Dr Somaratna is the CEO and Co-Founder of Medical Joyworks, LLC, with almost 20 years of entrepreneurship and business experience. In 2015 he created Clinical Sense, leading the design and development of its technology, and authoring many of its first clinical scenarios. Dr. Somaratna holds a MBBS from the University of Kelaniya, and a Bachelor of Information Technology (Honors) degree from the University of Colombo (all institutions in Sri Lanka).

Phalguni Srivastava MBBS

Dr. Phalguni is a senior trainee in anesthesia at Swami Dayanand Hospital, New Delhi. Prior to entering postgraduate training, she worked in the Kamad Polyclinic and Trauma Center for 3 years. Dr. Phalguni received her MBBS from the Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, in Dehradun, India.